Análisis de los niveles de actividad física e índice de masa corporal entre estudiantes universitarios: una revisión sistemática / Analysis of the levels of physical activity and body mass index of college students: a systematic review
Resumen
Antecedentes: La calidad de vida de los estudiantes universitarios se ve directamente afectada al inicio de su vida universitaria debido a negligencia en el cuidado de la salud y a riesgos de predisposición como la obesidad. Propósito: El objetivo principal del presente estudio es analizar los niveles de actividad física y el índice de masa corporal (IMC) de los estudiantes universitarios. Métodos: Se seleccionaron las bases de datos PubMed, Scielo, ScienceDirect, BVS y Cochrane. La estrategia de búsqueda incluyó descriptores en inglés y en portugués: "college students", "academics", "body mass index", "level of physical activity", y "quality of life". Resultados: Después de encontrar 16 artículos, se aplicaron criterios de inclusión y exclusión, resultando en 10 artículos para un análisis a fondo. Se observó que los estudiantes universitarios tenían un buen nivel de actividad física y un IMC adecuado, a diferencia de estudios anteriores en los que el nivel de inactividad física y el sobrepeso encontrados eran relativamente altos. Discusión: A partir de los estudios realizados, se concluye que actualmente los estudiantes universitarios están dentro del peso normal y son físicamente activos. Traducción a la práctica de la educación para la salud: Deberían realizarse más estudios sobre el IMC y los niveles de actividad física, como dos importantes indicadores de salud, entre estudiantes universitarios. Palabras clave: universitarios; nivel de actividad física; índice de masa corporal; estilo de vida; salud Abstract Background: The quality of life of college students is directly affected at the onset of college life due to the neglect of healthcare and predisposing risks such as obesity. Purpose: The main objective of the present study is to analyze the levels of physical activity and body mass index (BMI) of college students. Methods: The PubMed, Scielo, ScienceDirect, BVS, and Cochrane databases were selected. The search strategy included descriptors in English and Portuguese: “college students”, “academics”, “body mass index”, “level of physical activity”, and “quality of life”. Results: After finding 16 articles, inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied, resulting in 10 articles for deep analysis. It was observed that college students had a good level of physical activity and adequate BMI, diverging from old studies in which the level of physical inactivity and overweight was relatively high. Discussion: From the studies carried out, it is concluded that currently college students are within normal weight and are physically active. Translation to Health Education Practice: Further studies about BMI and physical activity levels, as two important health indicators, should be carried out in college students. Keywords: academics; physical activity level; body mass index; lifestyle; healthCitas
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