Predictors of premenstrual syndrome: outcome of a focus group discussion among late-adolescent girls in a selected nursing college in Kerala, India - A mixed method approach
Abstract
Context: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is characterized by the cyclic occurrence of physical, psychological, and behavioral symptoms during the menstrual cycle. It is evident from the literature that PMS is a common problem all over the globe, as the majority (77.5%) of women surveyed believe it has a significant impact on their lives.
Aims: This study aimed to determine the incidence, intensity, and predictors of PMS among adolescent girls.
Settings and Design: A private college of nursing in Kerala, India. A mixed method approach with descriptive design
Methods and Material: The sample consisted of 100 students who fulfilled the selection criteria and were selected by random sampling, for assessing incidence and intensity (Quantitative). Of these, 10 students were selected for a focus group discussion (FGD) to determine the predictors of PMS (Qualitative). The incidence and intensity of PMS were assessed using Standardized Stainer and Wilkin’s PMS diagnostic criteria tool and 10 volunteer students with criteria >10 (moderate and severe) were selected for FGD.
Statistical analysis used: Thematic and descriptive analysis
Results: The results revealed that 86% of the participants were experiencing PMS. Twenty-four percent reported mild symptoms, while 54% and 8% reported moderate and severe PMS, respectively. Analysis revealed that both intrinsic and extrinsic factors influence PMS. Conclusion: PMS is an important health issue influenced by lifestyle factors among adolescent girls. PMS is on the uprise and there is an urgent need for motivating adolescent girls continuously through educational programs.
Keywords: Body Mass Index, Focus group discussion, and Premenstrual syndrome.
Key messages
Menstruation is a normal biological phenomenon and all fertile females should accept with gratitude that they have the power of procreation. Relieving PMS symptoms begins with a change in attitude, which consists of women thinking differently about their cycles and modifying their lifestyles to lead more productive lives.
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