Determinants of Tuberculosis Incidence in Children: A Case Study from Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71164/socialmedicine.v19i2.2026.2193Keywords:
Asthma,, Childhood Tuberculosis, Children,, Living Environment, Nutritional Status.Abstract
Childhood tuberculosis (TB) is a significant global health issue, with an estimated 1.2 million children affected by the disease worldwide. This study aimed to identify the determinants influencing the incidence of TB in children in Indonesia. A quantitative approach was employed, utilizing a cross-sectional study design with secondary data from the 2018 Basic Health Research. The study was conducted between May and June 2023 across 37 provinces in Indonesia. The study population comprised 303,507 children aged 0–14 years, with a final sample size of 282,861 after data cleaning. Chi-square tests and Prevalence Ratio (PR) bivariate analysis were conducted using JASP Version 19 software. The results revealed significant associations between age (p < 0.001; PR = 1.371), asthma history (p < 0.001; PR = 8.12), nutritional status (p < 0.001; PR = 1.683), and living environment (p < 0.001; PR = 1.442) with the incidence of childhood TB. However, no significant associations were found between living room ventilation (p = 0.481; PR = 1.064) or bedroom ventilation (p = 0.618; PR = 0.956) and TB incidence. The findings suggest that targeted screening by age, integration of asthma management with TB control, enhanced nutritional support, and improvements in living conditions can effectively mitigate the burden of childhood TB in Indonesia.
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